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How to assemble scaffolds in thin and narrow spaces and what to be careful about [Renovation]

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Hello everyone, this is DIY Renova.
In this article, we will explain in detail how to assemble external scaffolds in a narrow space of 30cm or more or less than 1m, such as "a gap between the building and the wall," "a narrow alley between the neighboring area," and "an outer circumference where eaves and pipes cannot be sufficiently wide," to a level that even amateurs can practice. Assuming a two-story wooden building (low-rise home), multiple construction methods are compared, and quantitative conditions such as selection criteria, load load and handrail dimensions, and step-by-step procedures are also implemented. While respecting the desire to "proceed completely DIY," the system has been designed to ensure that the minimum standards of laws and technical standards are not eliminated.

In addition, the Occupational Safety and Health Act applies to construction carried out using workers, and there are requirements for scaffolding widths, handrails, baseboards, etc. (standard widths for work floors are "40cm or more" etc.). We strongly recommend that you proceed with the same or more safely even with DIY. Important dimensions such as work floor width, handrail height, and baseboards will be included in the text, so please be sure to follow them (floor width of 40cm or more, handrail height of 85cm or more, middle-aged 35-50cm, baseboards of 10cm or more, floor spaces of 3cm or less, floor spaces of 3cm or less, gaps between floor materials and buildings of less than 12cm, etc.). These are the numbers clearly stated in the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare documents.Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare +1

Assumptions of this guide (estimated "narrow" width)

In this article, we will cover narrow widths in the following three bands.

  • "Super narrow"...30-45cm: The width that can be passed by a person on the side, with one foot in its width.
  • "Narrow"...45-70cm: People can't pass each other, but it's wide enough to pass by if you twist your body.
  • "Semi-narrow"...70cm to 1m: A wide range of options for a typical single-tube one-side scaffolding or a wedge-type single-row configuration.

The standard for working floors is "40cm or more", and the basic plan is to meet this even in small areas (although there are limited exceptions when installation is difficult, safety should be considered first).Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare +1

Overall picture of the construction method and how to choose it (conclusion first)

Typical construction methods used on narrow outer circumferences are as follows: It is reasonable to choose based on the site conditions after looking at each of the "direction, weaknesses, and DIY difficulty."

  1. Single pipe one side scaffold (single foot scaffold) + center tread + wall jack
    -Direction: Alleys with a width of around 45-70cm. The foundation and doggy style are thin/basked/basked on the ground.
    ・Pros: There are few parts, so you can assemble them even in small sizes. Center tread (250mm, etc.) allows for core attachment. A wall-mounted jack prevents shaking.ashiba-hanbai.com+1foot-hold.biz
    ・Note: If the "center tread" does not meet the working floor width of 40cm, either treat it as an auxiliary floor or in parallel to ensure a minimum of 40cm. Handrails, middle-schoolers, and baseboards are required.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
    ・DIY difficulty level: Medium.
  2. Wedge-coated scaffolding (Bike scaffolding) line structure + leading handrail
    -Direction: A site with a width of 70cm or more and wants to ensure safety as quickly and reliably as possible by stepping ahead of the handrail.
    ・Advantages: The front handrail ensures safety as the outside handrail is secured during assembly. The 400mm tread makes it easy to meet floor width requirements.ASNOVA MarketTemporary Materials Market
    ・Note: The wall connection spacing refers to the technical standards of the Temporary Industry Association, and the basic design is based on a guideline of vertical ≤5.0m and horizontal ≤5.5m (technical standards for wedge-connected type). If it is narrow and difficult to attach a wall, use it with a wall.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
    ・DIY difficulty: Medium to slightly high.
  3. Overhanging scaffolding (bracket scaffolding)
    -Direction: There is extremely little space built on the ground/The ground is unstable.
    ・Advantages: The brackets are fixed to the structure (posts, beams, etc.) and the work floor is extended into the air, making it possible to install even with zero ground width.
    ・Note: The anchor is required to fix the structural parts. It is essential to consider the load path, and knowledge in design calculations and waterproof repairs is required. DIY is very difficult.omotenashi-smile.com
  4. Alternatives for hanging scaffolding and rope access
    -Direction: This is the last resort if the scaffolding is extremely narrow, 30 to 45 cm.
    ・Note: The hanging scaffold requires special fittings, calculations, and training. Rope access is dangerous without specialized education. DIY deprecated.
  5. Securing temporary scaffolding space through use of adjacent land (Article 209 of the Civil Code)
    -Direction: 30-45cm wide and cannot physically build up scaffolding, but this is a case where you can safely assemble it by renting a few tens of centimeters on the adjacent site.
    ・Points: Notify us of the purpose, date, and method in advance, and use a method that minimizes damage. Residents must agree to enter the residence.e-Gov Legal Search
    - DIY difficulty level: Depends on negotiation. Documentation recommended.

Essential safety and dimension conditions (key points of Japanese standards)

Even if it's small, let's first check the numerical conditions that we will "protect here."

  • Work floor width: In principle, it is over 40cm. The gap between the floor is less than 3cm, and the gap between the flooring material and the building site is less than 12cm.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Handrail: Height 85cm or more. Naka-san (Central sash) 35-50cm. The baseboard is over 10cm (prevents falling objects).Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Use of advance handrails: Effective in preventing falls during assembly and dismantling (the idea of ​​always surrounding the outside with handrails).ASNOVA Market
  • Wedge-hung wall connection spacing (approximate): Vertical ≦5.0m, horizontal ≦5.5m. Shorten the condition depending on the site conditions.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
  • Examples of allowable load capacity for work floors: 200kg per span for 400mm width, and 125-150kg for 250mm width is a manufacturer's practical guideline (be sure to check the product specifications).Sankyo Co., Ltd.shinwaservice.co.jp

"Attaching a handrail to the outside of the pillar (vertical pole)" is the basic way to prevent it from falling. The outside handrail is always in advance and consecutively secured, and workers act inside.ASNOVA Market

Details by construction method: Which one to choose (with decision flow)

1. Single pipe one-side scaffold (single footed) + center tread + wall-mounted jack

Head to this site

  • The building and fence are about 45-70cm.
  • The existing dog running and gravel jack base can be "placed, but only one row can be raised on each side."
  • It is a low-level wooden second floor (eave height less than 10m), and is relatively light work (painting, ceilinging, gables, etc.).

Main parts used

  • Single pipe (outer diameter 48.6mm), clamps, jack base, laying board, center tread (250mm, etc.), handrail, baseboard, middle-sized, brace jack (compression jack). The center tread is a special tread that can be hung on the core on one side (one row), and has standards such as 250mm x 900/1200/1800mm.
  • Wall-mounted jacks are narrow, where there is no need to be retracted, and there are on-site practices where wall-mounted jacks are installed at pitches of every three spans or other areas to prevent shaking.ashiba-hanbai.com

Step by Step

  1. Measurements taken on site: Measure the narrowest width, horizontal length, entrances, wires, gas pipes, and air conditioner pipes from the core (foundation surface) to the outer obstacle.
  2. Notes on temporary design drawings: Assign the location of the building (support) based on the "span 1.8m" as a basic guide. Flint (slanted material) is added to the corners to ensure rigidity.ashiba-hanbai.com
  3. Baseboard/Jack base: A jack base is set on a sturdy base to avoid sinking. Check the support conditions such as clay soil, gravel, and dog running, and align the base level using a horizontal device and laser. The boards are made of long boards of 3-4m x 30cm wide, or thick 450 square plywood.Miyawaki Steel Pipe
  4. Building: Built in a single line and align the height of the frame at the core. The streets and verticals of the building are managed by lowering the structure.
  5. Cloth (horizontal) material and braces: Each layer has a continuous set of fabric material and fires up the corners.
  6. center tread: Drive directly into the building frame and hang it on the core (center). The 250mm width is an auxiliary. Either ensure a floor width of 400mm or more in parallel, or install a separate stepper to meet floor width conditions.
  7. Handrail, Naka-san, Basket: Handrails (over 85cm), middle-school (35-50cm), and baseboards (over 10cm) are installed continuously on the outside.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  8. Wall-mounted jack: Lightly press the building into a pitch of within 3 spans, etc. (do not push too much). The protective material is sandwiched between the surface of the body during final finishing.ashiba-hanbai.com
  9. Load managementMaterials placed simultaneously in one span are distributed so that they do not exceed the allowable tread boards (e.g. 400mm width 200kg, 250mm width 125kg, etc.) and the total structure surface (e.g. 400kg). Avoid concentrated placement of heavy paint cans and cleaning water.Sankyo Co., Ltd.shikokushinwa.com
  10. Inspection: Check for tension and sinking before first use, daily life, and after bad weather. Reconfirmed that the floor gap is less than 3cm, not "3mm" and the gap between the building and flooring material is less than 12cm.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

This is the pitfall

  • It is dangerous to consider it a work floor using only a 250mm center tread. Always ensure a floor width of at least 40cm and attach a handrail, middle-sized pair of shoes, and baseboards.Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare +1
  • A wall rest is convenient, but don't apply too much pressure to avoid crushing the wall. Avoid weak areas such as siding joints and flat roof caps, and protect them with patch boards or rubber.

Estimated costs and tools

2. Wedge-coated scaffolding (bike) line structure + leading handrail

Head to this site

  • It is about 70 to 100 cm wide and has room to place a tread with a floor width of 400 mm.
  • Safety is the key to working when assembling and disassembly (advanced handrails always protect the outer circumference).

Key Points (Numbers)

  • The typical specification is 200kg per span (depending on the product) with a 400mm tread width.shinwaservice.co.jp
  • Wall connection: Expect the upper limits of vertical ≤5.0m and horizontal ≤5.5m, and close the pitch in places where narrow and wind is not easy to get through.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
  • The same applies for handrails of 85 cm or more, middle-aged children of 35 to 50 cm, and baseboards of 10 cm or more.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Step by Step

  1. Base layout: Both ends and corners are set first, and large boards are placed at areas where there is a risk of sinking.
  2. Building site → cloth → advance handrail: Use the leading railing and proceed with the outer railing on the top shelf at all times.ASNOVA Market
  3. Continuously lay down 400 treads: Keep the floor gap below 3cm.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  4. Wall hanging and fire: Align equally within technical standards and solidify corners.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
  5. Skirtboard/Middle: Check each surface to ensure there are no missing parts.
  6. Load operation: Reduce simultaneous loading (persons + materials) for one span to 200kg or less. Heavy loads are distributed, and many systems have a limit on the simultaneous loading of two upper and lower layers.shikokushinwa.com

3. Bracket scaffolding

Head to this site

  • The area is close to zero ground width, or the area is steep and canals that cannot be installed.

Key Points

  • The brackets are anchored to the structure (posts and beams) and the work floor is extended outward.
  • Considerations such as structure strength, anchor pull-out strength, bending and shearing are essential, and DIY construction should be avoided.omotenashi-smile.com
  • For detailed methods, please see the Low Rise Scaffolding Lease Association, a general incorporated association.HereHowever, I have introduced it so I think it's a good idea to use it as a reference.

alternative

  • If the neighbors are able to understand, it would often be more reasonable to borrow a few tens of centimeters to use the neighboring land under Article 209 of the Civil Code and set up a normal, single-row scaffolding.e-Gov Legal Search

Realistic "setup" for 30-100cm width

Common setup (golden rules for sites with narrow outer circumference)

  • "I won't decide from above." FirstSafety wireEnsure that there are (entrances, loads, emergency evacuations)Finally dismantlingdo.
  • Advance handrailProtect the concept of Even during assembly, proceed with the outside handrail.ASNOVA Market
  • Protects the floor width of 40cm. The narrow passages with only the center tread (250mm) are seen as a supplement rather than a "work floor."Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Baseboard 10cmis the basics of preventing falling objects. The smaller the size, the more important it is to make it difficult to prevent people from falling onto passersby or neighboring houses.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Wall attachment/wall attachmentUse this to eliminate the shaking and set the corners with a fire.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.ashiba-hanbai.com

Ultra narrow (30-45cm)

  • Principle: Single pipe one side + center treads are used as aid,If you can't secure a floor width of 40cmConsideration is being made to overhang/use of adjacent land/working methods.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfaree-Gov Legal Search
  • Even if you are using a narrow width for the aisle only, it is safe to do the work from the inside (indoor side or indoor scaffolding) and to limit movement on the outer circumference.

Narrow (45-70cm)

  • Parallel one side of the single pipe + center treads or tread + offset fabric material ensures 40cm. Always attach the outer handrail, middle-sized and baseboards.
  • Put more wall-mounted jacks to prevent shaking. Practical pitches such as within 3 spans are useful.ashiba-hanbai.com

Semi-narrow (70cm-1m)

  • The most robust is a row of wedges and 400mm treads. The leading railing improves safety and conservatively tightens the wall connection pitch.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.

Load concept (roughly practical calculation)

  • Allowance of treads: One guideline is 400mm width = 200kg per span, 250mm width = 125-150kg (confirm the specifications for the used product).Sankyo Co., Ltd.shinwaservice.co.jp
  • Simultaneous loading of structures: There are products and operations that are determined to be up to 400 kg per structure. There are also restrictions on each system, such as the maximum capacity of two upper and lower layers can be loaded at the same time.shikokushinwa.com
  • The weight of reality: Person (80kg including equipment) x 2 + paint can (20kg) x 3160 + 60 = 220kg. Just this1 span 200kgBeyond that.
    → "Do not place 2 people + 3 cans of materials in the same span," "Let the load escape into one adjacent span," etc.Dispersionis required.
  • Jack base sinks:Siding immediately leads to floor gradients, gaps exceeding, and insufficient handrail height. Don't stingy with the boards (select long boards of 3-4m or thick 450 square plywood depending on the ground).Miyawaki Steel Pipe

How to attach handrails, middle-schoolers, and baseboards (titles for narrow versions)

  • Handrails are located on the outside of the pillar. People always go inside.
  • The middle-school is constantly 35-50cm tall. Do not create a gap between the tread and the handrail to allow the body to slip out.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • The baseboard is over 10cm. Do not create gaps in the corners to prevent paint rollers, scrapers, screws, glass bags, etc. from falling off.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • The floor gap is less than 3cm, and the gap between the floor material and the building site is less than 12cm. The longitudinal pointing portion is also maintained at less than 3cm.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Wall hanging, wall support, fire (Stabilizing three-piece set)

  • Wall ties: The technical standard for wedge fastening type is vertically ≤5.0m and horizontally ≤5.5m. In narrow and windy locationsI'll close it with ease. Install on solid parts such as beams and columns.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
  • Wall-mounted jack: Effective in small areas where you cannot keep reserved. There are methods for entering each class at a practical pitch of up to three spans. The pressure surface must be protected.ashiba-hanbai.com
  • Fire (corner brace): Place it in the top corner at about 45° to prevent twisting.ashiba-hanbai.com

Rainy closing, consideration for the neighbors, neighbours agreement

  • Fireproof sheets and meshto prevent scattering and falling. If facing an alley, place pedestrian-friendly notices and guards.
  • Used next dooradvance notice is required. Write down the purpose, date, time, method, and recovery area on paper, explain it, and get a name stamp and stamp. It is also clear that you cannot enter the interior of the house without your consent.e-Gov Legal Search

12 Actual "Small Techniques"

  1. Building the streets of the building first: When the street goes out, the treads won't stick. The narrowest part completely passes the two standard lines.
  2. Dismiss the center tread as "supported".: The main focus is 40cm wide with a 400mm tread. The center is for fine adjustments on the inside/outside.Temporary Materials Market
  3. Outer handrail advance: Physically prevents the habit of stepping outside when working above.ASNOVA Market
  4. Avoid weak external walls when resting against walls.: Remove the siding joints, gutter fittings, and aluminum capes. Surface pressure is distributed using a cover plate and rubber.ashiba-hanbai.com
  5. Two-span operation of material storage: Separate the span of people and the span of materials, taking into account the 200kg limit.Sankyo Co., Ltd.
  6. First secure the unloading wires: A pulley or hand-delivery route is provided on the widest side, and on the narrow side, no loads are moved.
  7. Don't sting with corner fire: Breaking the negative chain of twisting → tread floating → gap exceeding.ashiba-hanbai.com
  8. Prevent sinking with a board:The narrower the pin, the entire body will tilt. Surface pressure is distributed using long boards and resin bases.Miyawaki Steel Pipe
  9. No step difference at the tread joint: Place a thin rubber sheet underneath to reduce noise and rattle.
  10. Level adjustment for one side: Laser first displays the frame height of the entire layer and absorbs it with the base.
  11. The tip work is done using a halta (advanced handrail).: Working with the top tip is always surrounded.
  12. Dismantling is the highest priority: Reverse construction with the idea of ​​leaving the outer handrail to the end.

This is the only thing that we want to protect safety and education

  • Working at a height of 2m or more is typical of a crash disaster. Work floors of 40cm or more, handrails of 85cm or more, and middle-sized ladders and skirting boards are required. Floor gap is less than 3cm. The gap between the flooring and the building is less than 12cm.Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare +1
  • Get the "set" of the advance handrail, full harness, helmet, safety shoes, and gloves! ! !
[Self-Renovation] If You Want To Install Scaffolds, You Should Prepare Together [Diy Renovation]
  • For construction work carried out as a business, ``special education on scaffolding assembly, etc.'' is mandatory. It is worth reading equivalent course materials for DIY.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Example assembly method (sample illustration images by width)

*The diagram is based on the premise that the blog will draw.

  • 50cm wide alley (painted exterior walls for 1st floor)
    • One side of the single pipe and the center treads parallel to ensure a floor width of 400mm. Outer handrail + middle-aged person + baseboard. Wall coverings are placed every two spans. Materials are distributed next to one span.
  • 80cm wide alley (repair of eaves at 2nd floor)
    • A row of wedges + 400mm treads + leading handrail. Wall connections are packed to about 4m vertical and 4.5m horizontal, and the corners are fired. Up to two layers of storage at the same time.
  • Width 30cm + 20cm for next-day land (total 50cm)
    • A single-unit side was planned with written consent to use the neighboring site. The feet are long boards to prevent sinking. Notification and recovery obligations are clearly stated.e-Gov Legal Search
  • Zero above ground, through the waterway (repair of exterior walls)
    • Overhanging scaffolding or working method changed. Anchors, waterproof repairs, and load considerations are required. The involvement of experts is recommended.omotenashi-smile.com

Frequently asked questions (sharp Q&A for narrow feet)

Q1: I want to work with just the center tread (250mm).
A: In principle, the working floor should be at least 40cm. 250mm alone should be treated as a passageway, and work should be done on the 400mm floor side.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Q2: How far apart should the wall jacks be placed?
A: There are practical examples such as "each layer is within three spans" in small areas where there is no reserve. Wall strength and exterior material protection are our top priority.ashiba-hanbai.com

Q3: How many wall hangings should you close?
A: The standard for wedge-coupling is within vertical 5.0m and horizontal 5.5m. If the wind is not easy to get through in a residential area, it is small and easy to shake, the safety of the design is to "close it."Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.

Q4: What if the neighboring property is not available?
A: Legally, there is a system for using the neighboring property, but consent is required to be made to the residence. If not possible, consider overhanging or changing the work method.e-Gov Legal Search

Tips for cleaning and dismantling

  • Disassembly is reversed. The outer railing is left until the end.
  • Remove the tread from the side where there is no load and do not create a cantilever.
  • After removing the jack base, the remains of the board were cleaned and restored to their original state. If you are using a nearby property, please confirm the recovery using the photo.

Summary (A list of actions that can be moved from today)

  1. The current situation is measured in full and is classified as "30-45/45-70-100cm."
  2. Select construction method:
    • 30-45: Use of adjacent land, overhanging, or changing work methods (safety priority).
    • 45-70: Single pipe one side + center treads parallel + wall-mounted.
    • 70-100: A row of wedges + leading railing + wall connection.
  3. The "5-piece safety set" is included in the plan, with a floor width of 40cm, handrails 85cm, middle-sized, baseboards, floor gaps 3cm, and building gaps 12cm.Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare +1
  4. Pre-memoise the plan for dispersing treads and loads (operation not exceeding 200kg per span).shinwaservice.co.jp
  5. Materials and tools are collected and staged installation is carried out while surrounded by a leading handrail.

Reference materials, reading materials, videos

  • Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare: "Installation of scaffolds (work floors)": Key points such as floor width of 40cm or more, floor gaps of 3cm or less, handrails and middle-sized spaces, and gaps of less than 12cm from the building site.
  • Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare: "Points to amend the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (Scaffolds, etc.)": Handrails of 85cm or more, middle-aged 35-50cm, baseboards of 10cm or more, etc.
  • Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare: "Revised Safety and Health Regulations (Preventing Falls from Scaffolding)": Principles for working floor widths of 40cm or more.Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Materials by the Temporary Industry Association: "Technical Standards for Assembly and Use of Wedge-Handed Scaffolds (2015)": Standards for wall ties with vertical 5.0m and horizontal 5.5m.Kansai Temporary Co., Ltd.
  • Examples of product products for center treads (250 x 900/1200/1800, etc.): Explanation and standards for cored anti (center treads).ashiba-hanbai.comfoot-hold.biz
  • Examples of FAQs for allowable loads of advance handrails and treads (manufacturer information): Approximately 400mm wide 200kg and 250mm wide 125kg.Sankyo Co., Ltd.
  • Practical explanation of wall-mounted jacks (video/glossary): Uses and points to note about compressed jacks.YouTubeashiba-hanbai.com
  • Article 209 of the Civil Code (using neighboring land): e-Gov law search (base of the article).e-Gov Legal Search

Even on the outer circumference, which tends to give up because it's narrow, you can reach it even with DIY by cutting down the three risks of the correct dimensions and procedures, the appropriate construction method, and load, shaking, and falling objects using numerical values. First, take the "actual dimensions" of the entire circumference and plan according to the flow of this article. Let's make safety our number one priority and make sure we move forward step by step!

Conclusion

How was the article?

If you are a professional reading this article and find that there is a way to do this, could you please share your knowledge with us?feedbackWe look forward to hearing from you.

If you're wondering "How much renovation or remodeling can I actually do on my own home?" or "Where should I even start?", please visit this page. If you're looking to learn more about specific renovation processes or construction details, don't miss this page as well!

Reference video

It's quite shaking, but...the professional is a proud person!

But I've done this before, and I've seen that this fixed tread on a wedge-shaped scaffold is quite unstable and touched. If possible, we recommend using a normal step plate with a stitch firmly inserted and two hanging parts! !

The video above is about demolition, but there is a video of a thin section so I think it's helpful (I used it as a reference!)

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